Archive for the ‘Reflections’ Category

Another petty shot from China

August 10th, 2011 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Current Events, Media, Reflections

Oh, China, you’re never too quick to point out the hypocrisy of Western media. First, when Rupert Murdoch was getting grilled by Parliament, you pointed out how the News of the World hacking scandal showed that freedom of the press in the West was all a farce. And now, according to you, the Western media is once again showing its bias by calling the London riots, well, “riots” — instead of a “revolution.” In the Global Times:

If it had happened somewhere else, the chaos would have been given a name, such as “chrysanthemum revolution.”  Instead, it was described as overnight violence followed by looting in local media.

The Chinese could provide much needed criticism of the West, but their arguments often fall flat. They miss the point and employ twisted (imaginary) logic that highlights their misunderstandings of Western society (including laws, political systems and culture) rather than enlighten the reader with an alternative appraisal of the West.

For example:

Violence similar to that which London experienced at the weekend can be found in many other places, from Africa to China.

From this premise, the Global Times points out the supposed hypocrisy that the media’s narrative is not focusing on oppression of the demonstrators or framed as people fighting for their rights. It also mentions that British media is not concerned about ethnic tensions or the riots’ impact on authority — traditional narratives employed when recent riots/demonstrations occurred in other countries.

But the Global Times never takes a more nuanced look at the riots in London and how they might differ from the Arab uprisings and the numerous daily demonstrations in China. Instead, it automatically lumps them all in the same category because they share similar violent manifestations, which makes Chinese media just as guilty of what they’re accusing Western media of doing and does nothing to improve their own image.

Yunnan, a holiday with Chinese characteristics

May 25th, 2011 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Life, Reflections, Travels

I was recently told that I suck at writing on my blog. It’s true, I am guilty. I haven’t been so inspired to write anything recently, which may be a reflection of my growing disillusionment with Beijing and China. I’ve started many posts but after writing a few inane lines, I started boring even myself.

But, now that I’m battling a bout of insomnia brought on by several anxieties, I decided to turn my sleeplessness into productivity. Plus, I feel especially reflecting in the wee hours of the morning. So here goes.

**

A month ago now (wow, time flies!), I went on a short trip to Yunnan with my parents. Just before I went, Evan Osnos at the New Yorker had a very timely and apropos piece about Chinese tour groups. It’s an excellent and lighthearted piece with some interesting observations about a more and more relevant topic — Chinese going on holiday. As they become wealthier with more discretionary income, and as China liberalizes, the Chinese are traveling more and more, and like everything to do with China, it’s having a big impact on the world and on themselves. So it’s interesting to see how they do it (what does this tell us about them?) and how it impacts their views. For example, they are notoriously insular and racist to a degree rarely seen before. Will contact with more people and cultures, on their turf, broaden the Chinese world view? It’s hard to say at this point, but Osnos makes note of many characteristics of a Chinese tour.

In the front row of the bus, Li stood facing the group with a microphone in hand, a posture he would retain for most of our waking hours in the days ahead. In the life of a Chinese tourist, guides play an especially prominent role—translator, raconteur, and field marshal—and Li projected a calm, seasoned air. He often referred to himself in the third person—Guide Li—and he prided himself on efficiency. […]

He outlined the plan: we would be spending many hours on the bus, during which he would deliver lectures on history and culture, so as not to waste precious minutes at the sights, when we could be taking photographs. […]

Li urged us to soak our feet in hot water before bed, to fight jet lag, and to eat extra fruit, which might balance the European infusion of bread and cheese into our diets. Since it was the New Year’s holiday, there would be many other Chinese visitors, and we must be vigilant not to board the wrong bus at rest stops.

Basically, there’s the stereotypical “shepherd guiding a sheep herd.” They are all wearing a custom badge to set them apart from other tour groups. They receive paternalistic advice on safety (watch out for Gypsies, don’t talk to strangers) and health (which the Chinese often discuss in a very unique Chinese way). Very importantly, they are informed the best way to maximize time for pictures — which I swear, along with shopping, is probably the main reason why the Chinese go anywhere.

(The article also includes many silly observations about Europeans and the way they do things. Really, the Chinese point-of-view is very entertaining.)

One of my friends who just graduated from university did her thesis on this very topic, actually. Her conclusion was basically that the Chinese prefer to know more historical context about the place they were going, told to them by a trustworthy, knowledgeable and authoritative expert (which a good guide would be), while Westerners prefer a more subjective and personal experience with a place. I said that was mostly true, but I couldn’t help pointing out that in lieu of a tour guide, many Westerners have a tour guidebook, which more or less points out the same banal facts a Chinese tour guide would. We might not travel in groups, but we generally all do the same things.

**

I’ve been on two Chinese tours now, including to Yunnan. Somewhat different than Osnos’s tour, the ones I went on consisted of overseas Chinese coming to China. But this fact didn’t seem to make much difference on the way the tour was conducted, underscoring how living abroad for three-plus decades doesn’t change some things. The Chinese like the convenience of having a tour guide, and many times the ones in my tour group would accost the tour guide with incessant questions about minutiae details.

One thing I noticed that was absent on Osnos’s tour but ever-present on mine: the various business deals struck between the tour company and the “activities” on our itinerary. Tourism in China can be a very lucrative business, and many businesses see tourists as a very good way to make lots of money. So the businesses and the tour agencies cut a deal: Bring your tourists here, they’ll get discounts and you’ll get a part of our profits. And the tourists are all too willing to abet them. Like I said earlier, one of the main reasons the Chinese go on holiday is to buy things, things they can’t get elsewhere. Often, these things are hyped by the businesses, and gullible Chinese are talked into just having to have one.

In my five days in Yunnan, half of which was spent on the bus, we went to two of these “activities.” The first was a pu’er tea tasting, which could have been pleasant but instead was an hour-long live commercial with the pretty mienu hostesses telling us all about the qualities of pu’er, how to tell good from bad and real from fake, how to make it, how to drink it (by slurping!), why they are so pretty and healthy (because they’ve been drinking pu’er tea their whole lives), and what kind of deal they are offering us. I’m telling you, the Chinese have the art of infomercials down pat.

The next activity, on our last afternoon, was billed as a traditional Chinese foot massage. Sounds lovely! But then it turned into a performance of various special medicines the business sold and how it can cure such-and-such illnesses. It included a magic show of qigong and burn cream, so I was relatively entertained while seething at their opportunism. I just wanted a foot massage! But alas, the magic show is probably more entertaining than my complaints, so I’ll elaborate on that instead.

**

Qigong is a very mysterious Chinese practice of channeling their inner qi (as in taichi, which means “air” or “breath,” but I think something like “energy” or “spirit” or even Schopenhaeur’s “will” are closer equivalents) and aligning it in some harmonious way with the elements and the rest of the body and mind. It’s supposed to make you very healthy. So this foot massage place featured a qigong master, who guided the business on its products and courses for traditional Chinese medicine practitioners. He came into our room to demonstrate how, through his qigong powers, he can make cigarette ashes dance around on a tray. Now imagine: He places his hand a couple of inches over this tray of cigarette ashes, palm down and parallel, concentrates on the task at hand, gives a little “hyup,” then lo and behold, the ashes start jumping off the tray in a little sprinkling sort of way, like how glitter looks in a snow globe. What’s cooler is that he can transmit his qi through another person. He used our tour guide to demonstrate. He held our tour guide’s hand, let out a “hyup,” and the ashes started jumping between the tray and our tour guide’s hand! Later, he said he had felt something, almost electric, moving through his body.

The next trick involved one of the products they were selling. Two helpers bring in a glowing-red iron chain, and just to show how hot it was, the salesman touches a piece of paper to it and it immediately catches fire. Then he touches the chain with his palm. The stench of burned flesh filled the room. “Ouch,” he said. “This is really painful.” He applies his company’s burn cream and then continues hawking other products. Ten minutes later, he wipes it off — and his hand was healed. Amazing! My parents bought a jar, and when they returned to the States, my dad burned his finger to a char. But he put on some of that stuff, and it healed. This has got to be some of the best burn cream ever. It puts Neosporin to shame, you know?

**

Yunnan is a lovely place, popular for its range of landscapes, which are some of the most beautiful in China. Did I mention I am in love with its clouds? Yunnan means something like “south of the clouds.” The mountains are so high (they eventually lead to the Himalayas), the clouds just roll off of them and over the valleys below. Besides that, there are so many ethnic groups giving the region an interesting array of characteristics — not quite “Chinese,” subtly vibrant and utterly foreign. I highly recommend Yunnan to future visitors of China who have limited time to experience the range of Chinese landscapes and cultures and who want to get to know a different, arguably more authentic and definitely more likable China than the “standard” China that is portrayed to the world through Beijing and Shanghai. I was only there for five days, with a group of 20 senior Chinese-American couples, with little idea of where we were and what was coming next, but too engrossed in the surrounding beauty to care.

Here comes the Year of the Bunny

February 1st, 2011 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Current Events, Reflections

Did you know Beijing has bunnies? With the Year of the Rabbit coming, I’ve been trying to think of when I ever saw a rabbit in China. Turns out they do exist here, if only in pictures.

A rabbit trying to eat food gets stuck to the bottom of a cup during a snow carnival in Beijing on Monday, Jan. 31, 2011. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan)

From the AP via Gawker.

The obligatory Tiger Mom post

January 21st, 2011 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Current Events, Reflections

Well, I am the daughter of Chinese parents, which I think gives me some sort kind of authority on this issue. The opinion article by Amy Chua, which came with the incendiary headline, “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior,” appeared Jan. 8 — almost two weeks ago — right before her memoir from which the article was adapted was released. People are still talking about it.

There are ranges of opinions. Among them is the question whether Chua actually represents the modern Asian approach to parenting. While angry “Westerners” quickly defended their own parenting style of nurture and leniency, some angry “Asian” parents say that Chua most likely represents overachieving, suburban, upper-class elites.

Indeed, there is a stereotype of Asian parents that closely resemble what Chua describes in her WSJ article — if not her book. Also, testimony from former Tiger Cubs reveal that such parenting techniques were also used on them.

I myself was not a Tiger Cub. My parents always expected me to do well in school and wanted me to be the best I could be. I was gently pushed. Questioned whether going to hang out with friends was worthy of my time. Disciplined when I was out of line. Unfortunately, I never won (meaningful) awards. I wasn’t valedictorian (my school didn’t even have them!). And now, instead of being in medical school developing cures and becoming a rock star doctor, knowing that I will buy a multi-million dollar house in a gated neighborhood within the next five years, I am goofing off in China working for a “two-bit website” that doesn’t care for or respect my informed opinions.

But I’m also just one example. There is this story in the Global Times, which appeared not long before Chua’s Wall Street Journal article (excuse the crass headline). How’s this for Tiger Parents?

For parents who love him more than anyone else on earth, they sure had a funny way of showing it to Sun Liang.

They began intensely monitoring Sun at age 5 when he started painting and calligraphy, lashing him with a leather belt whenever he failed to meet their exalted expectations.

“Life is only meaningful for those who achieve real success!” they shouted at Sun, and “You’re screwed if you can’t stand out from the common herd!” whenever he failed to ace an exam.

There were screaming arguments and physical fights, suicide attempts and nagging feelings of never being good enough. Now there is backlash from the now-grown children, which in the article takes the form of an “anti-parents” support group on a popular website.

Am I the best I can be? Is anyone? I don’t think so. I think that would require a lot of effort, and I’m fine with not being the best I could be. I think my parents are too. Do I still want to be better? Of course. But at a certain point, the happiness-per-degree-of-betterment ratio starts to get less and less, and soon it’s just not worth hours upon hours of non-stop effort.

Riddle me this

January 16th, 2011 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Food, Life, Reflections

One of the truer stereotypes of the Chinese is that they take their cuisine seriously. While rapid development and modern demands of society are deteriorating their allegiance to good food, it is still generally expected that people know how to — and do — cook. Even though more and more Chinese are eating out, they still mostly cook at home.

At least, I think this is true. Now I’m having doubts.

Why, oh why, is it so hard to find an apartment with a decent kitchen in Beijing? Even the one I have now, in my rather nice apartment, comes with barely two square feet of counter space. At least it has three gas burners and a divided sink with a vegetable washer. Of the six apartments we saw yesterday, one had two electric burners, two had two REALLY old gas burners, two had two new ones, and one had one gas burner. And none had an oven.

Apartment search did not get off to a very promising start.

Things I (don’t) like about China, Part 3

December 12th, 2010 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Life, Reflections

My first two posts in this series talked about things I don’t like about China, so here’s a hodepodge of things I do rather enjoy:

Free delivery/Cash on Delivery.

These features are excellent. Imagine the convenience of ordering things online coupled with free delivery to your door the next day. If it’s food, then it’s delivered within the hour. For free. With no tipping involved. (That makes me sound kind of cheap, actually.) It sounds awesome, and China has really spoiled me in this aspect. Depending on where you order from, delivery is free. For most restaurants, such as Ganges and Tube Station, it’s free within 5 kilometers. I think there’s a nominal fee (7 kuai, or $1 dollar, or less) for McDonald’s, KFC, Pizza Hut and Domino’s. I’m not joking. And for actual goods — say if I order something off Amazon — there’s free shipping, or I can pay about 10 kuai ($1.40) for same-/next-day delivery. Do you know how much that would cost to get in the U.S.? Something outrageous. Not to mention, for all of these things, I get to pay cash on delivery. I used to hate paying in cash, but I love paying cash on delivery.

Beijing is cosmoplitan.

You may be thinking, “But wait! I thought the Chinese can’t get anything foreign right!” Or that the population of foreigners in this city is insignificant, especially when compared to other world cities — this Xinhua article says 0.6 percent of Beijing’s population are overseas citizens, compared to 30 percent in London and 28.4 percent in New York. These statements are both true, but the amount of foreigners making investments in the city definitely brings some worldly flavors here. I can find delicious New York-style pizza, Spanish beer, German sausages and even adequate fish and chips here. I get delicacies such as macarons and ice cream mochi. There’s a ton of halal cuisine. What I’m saying is, there’s something from most regions in the world here — which is enough to impress my small-town sensibilities. Besides that, I have met people from countries I’ve never even thought of — Cameroon? Latvia? — and with the expat population so small, the community is very tight-knit.

It’s easy to get out of.

It’s not easy to stay in Beijing for long periods of time. Fortunately, as one of China’s main cities, its airport offers convenient flights to many destinations, most of which I really would like to see. Tokyo, Seoul, Taiwan and Hong Kong are short stops away, and then there’s Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, etc. etc. etc. If I can’t afford to country hop, China itself offers many fascinating places, from its luscious Three Gorges along the Yangtze River to desolate deserts out West. And Tibet! Plus Shanghai will soon be four hours away, instead of 10. In other words, Beijing offers a great strategic base for traveling to other places. I can’t say that for many places in the U.S.

Things I (don’t) like about China, Part 2

December 8th, 2010 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Food, Reflections

The Chinese don’t get a lot of Western things “right.” For instance, driving and roads, or socialism. This can’t be more true when it comes to Western food. It’s hard to figure out how to mess up spaghetti with tomato sauce, or a ham and cheese sandwich, but they do it. I shall illustrate my point using bread — everyday sandwich bread.

All bread in China is sweet, which is odd, considering the Asian predisposition to dislike sweet flavors. Sure, bread is a “sweet” food, in that it’s not salty, sour (except for sourdough!), or bitter. But in China, bread is sweet. I usually buy whatever store-made wheat bread is available because if I butter it well enough, I can almost ignore the sweetness. But yesterday, for my chicken salad sandwich, I bought a foreign brand of multi-grain sliced bread … and it’s sweet! And has raisins. I just don’t understand…

Sweet bread — not to be confused with sweetbreads, which I love.

52 almost down … 52 to go?

December 7th, 2010 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Life, Reflections

It’s official. I am now into my 52nd week of living in Beijing. What a year it’s been! This time last year, I thought this time this year, I’d be packing up, saying good-byes and getting ready for the “real world.”

Plans change.

I can’t say how much I’ve changed over the past year. Sometimes I feel like I’ve learned nothing, and other times I’m amazed at what I can pull off. Sometimes I was adamant about remaining “Western,” and other times I relaxed and let China take over. I was all very China — pulled in so many directions that I now feel like everything at once. I can honestly say that I know more about China and Chinese people now while knowing even less about them. Am I confused? Not really!

So, as an ode to my new home, I want to note some of the things I have come to appreciate and hate about China. It will be Beijing-centric, as this city has defined a lot of what I know about this country (even though I know it’s not representative of the country at all!). I’m not a China lover, like many foreigners who come from the West and subsequently “fall in love with China.” I don’t find all of it quirky or charming or interesting. I am, actually, quick to judge and slow to reflect. With that in mind, here’s one thing I hate — a lot — about China:

Bad drivers.

Every driver in China is a bad driver (this is an exaggeration). Forget those stereotypes about how Asians can’t drive. In China (Beijing), people drive between lanes, in bike lanes, on sidewalks (because that’s also where the parking spaces are!), and generally wherever their cars can fit. Drivers here have an extreme case of driver entitlement, meaning they think that they can do whatever they want and that they own the road — practically the whole drivable world — just because they’re behind the wheel. Things they do:

  • Pull out from a side street/parking lot/parking space/etc. right into oncoming traffic, causing my bus driver/taxi driver to slam on his brakes.
  • Inexplicably change lanes all of a sudden — and take forever to do so — and then switch back immediately after.
  • Turn across three lanes of oncoming traffic, instead of, you know, getting into the far lane in advance of their turn.
  • At an intersection, keep driving even after their light has turned red and/or even if there’s no room for them to go, blocking the intersection for people going the other directions.
  • Drive straight into a traffic jam, even if other roads are open and free-flowing.
  • Cut into a line of cars waiting to turn/get onto the ring road/etc.

But the worst thing about them is that they abuse their power. According to this guy who studies Beijing transportation, 40 percent of automobile use is for traveling a distance of less than 5 kilometers. Five kilometers! That’s 3 miles! This is like when I took a car between my house and my high school, which are 2.2 miles apart. Except it’s not like that because these drivers live in a city with above-average public transportation options, not to mention bike lanes, rickshaw drivers and sidewalks.

But, according to the same guy:

In London and Tokyo, the transportation in central areas mainly relies on public transit and in peripheral areas relies on cars. In Beijing, the opposite is true.

Although Beijing has fewer vehicles than Tokyo, it has more vehicles in its central areas than in Tokyo and twice as many as in New York’s Manhattan, which means that cars are overused in short-distance travel in Beijing.

In addition, Guo said that Tokyo, Paris, London and some other cities have started to increase the use of bicycles, but the proportion of bicycle travel in Beijing only accounts for 8 percent at present.

So not only are bad drivers bad at driving, they’re also driving unnecessarily, making them even worse.

On language

September 3rd, 2010 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Reflections

You’ve probably seen the article on how language might influence the way we approach the world in this past weekend’s New York Times Magazine. Basically, it said our mother tongue forces us to pay attention to certain details based on the way it is used. For example, as anyone who has ever learned a European language knows, many languages assign genders to objects, forcing speakers to think about an object’s “gender,” even if it doesn’t actually have one. It also even mentioned how Chinese doesn’t have verb tenses (though I sort of disagree with the author on that), so speakers are not forced to think about time.

The article seemed intuitive — how can language not affect the way we think? — but also points out that very little scientific research has been done on exactly how it does. In other words, no one really knows how our native language has shaped what we think or what it might mean for the greater world society. But it does reinforce my long held belief (and I use “belief” because I have done zero academic research on this and am basing it purely on my observations and limited knowledge of English and Chinese) that learning Chinese can really help to understand Chinese culture and way of thinking.

My main example is this: One of the biggest differences between English and Chinese I’ve noticed is the Chinese dependence on what in English is called passive construction. I only notice this because in writing lessons, teachers drill into my head to “use active voice!” — in English, it is more engaging, less vague and less wordy than passive voice. The “less vague” argument is the most important reason, as it makes the actor — which happens to be the subject in an active-voice sentence — clear. By using the passive voice, the speaker or writer can obscure who or what is responsible for the action, placing emphasis instead on what is going on (the topic). In other words, active voice requires speakers and listeners to think about who is doing the action, which in passive construction takes a backseat and can even be ignored altogether.

Chinese is a very topic-based language. In everyday speak, sentences are often passively constructed. I wonder if this has anything to do with the many times I have had to take out something like “It is said that … ” or something “has been” something’d (found/discovered/confirmed/etc.). It is rare that the “who” is identified. Unlike in English, it is more important — at least, according to the language — to know what is being said/found/etc. than who said/found it.

To make a long story short, it would be interesting to see if this emphasis on topic and less on actor might affect the way the Chinese think. Might this explain why they seem so (for lack of better word) passive? Reluctant to take/assign responsibility? Why concrete, reliable information seems so hard to obtain?

Insight to Chinese minds?

July 29th, 2010 by Johanna | Leave comments | Filed in China, Media, Reflections, Work

At work, we get these really awful opinion submissions. They are awful for mainly two reasons:

  1. Illogical application or interpretation of presented evidence (not to mention, questionable selection of evidence for argument)
  2. Absence of a clearly stated opinion that isn’t a generic “the government should do more to promote x” or “there should be equality in x area of society.”

Part of the problem may well be caused by differences in writing styles — it would appear that Chinese writing is not based on clear and logical flow of information and analysis — as well as things getting lost in translation.

When I probe my colleagues about what something means and how it possibly makes sense or why it’s even in the article — when it makes no reference to the original topic — they often admit that they couldn’t make sense of the author’s argument, either. So, I had this epiphany: A lot of these bizarre “opinions” and “arguments” for them are similar to lectures my father have given me! He’d start off on what I assume to be the topic, related to whatever transgression I might have made, provide anecdotal “evidence” that may or may not be true, go off on tangents here and there and include something that I think is supposed to be a metaphor. In the end, I’m thoroughly confused and, well, unconvinced.